Skip to content

AleoNet/snarkOS

Folders and files

NameName
Last commit message
Last commit date

Latest commit

Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 
Β 

Repository files navigation

snarkOS

Table of Contents

1. Overview

snarkOS is a decentralized operating system for zero-knowledge applications. This code forms the backbone of Aleo network, which verifies transactions and stores the encrypted state applications in a publicly-verifiable manner.

2. Build Guide

2.1 Definitions

The following snarkOS node types exist in the Aleo network:

  • Validator: Validator nodes participate in consensus and must be started with an account that is bonded into the committee.
  • Client: Clients do not participate in consensus but maintain a ledger. They are capable of providing information about the network as well as accepting solutions and transactions and communicating them to their peers. All clients run the same software, however, for the purposes of configuration management, this document defines two types of clients:
    • Core Client: Client node connected directly to a validator node.
    • Outer Client: Client node connected only to other clients or prover nodes.
  • Prover: Prover nodes are dedicated to solving the Aleo puzzle. They do not participate in consensus or maintain a copy of the ledger.

2.2 Requirements

The following are the requirements to run an Aleo node:

  • OS: 64-bit architectures only, latest up-to-date for security
    • Clients: Ubuntu 22.04 (LTS), macOS Ventura or later, Windows 11 or later
    • Validators: Ubuntu 22.04 (LTS)
  • CPU: 64-bit architectures only, Latest Intel Xeon or Better
    • Clients: 24-cores (32-cores or larger preferred)
    • Validators: 64-cores (128-cores or larger preferred)
  • RAM: DDR4 or better
    • Clients: 128GiB of memory (192GiB or larger preferred)
    • Validators: 256GiB of memory (384GiB or larger preferred)
  • Storage: PCIe Gen 3 x4, PCIe Gen 4 x2 NVME SSD, or better
    • Clients: 2TB of disk space (4TB or larger preferred)
    • Validators: 4TB of disk space (6TB or larger preferred)
  • Network: Symmetric, commercial, always-on
    • Clients: 250Mbps of upload and download bandwidth
    • Validators: 500Mbps of upload and download bandwidth

No explicit recommendations are made for proving nodes as proving hardware may be highly variable. If interested in running Aleo Provers nodes, please refer to resources published by the Aleo community.

2.3 Installation

Before beginning, please ensure your machine has Rust v1.79+ installed. Instructions to install Rust can be found here.

Start by cloning this GitHub repository:

git clone --branch mainnet --single-branch https://github.com/AleoNet/snarkOS.git

Next, move into the snarkOS directory:

cd snarkOS
git checkout tags/testnet-beta

[For Ubuntu users] A helper script to install dependencies is available. From the snarkOS directory, run:

./build_ubuntu.sh

Lastly, install snarkOS:

cargo install --locked --path .

Please ensure ports 4130/tcp and 3030/tcp are open on your router and OS firewall.

2.4 Port Configuration

2.4.1 For Core Clients

Port Protocol Allow/Deny Source Explanation
4130/tcp TCP Allow All IPv4/IPv6 TCP traffic to peers

2.4.2 For Outer Clients

Port Protocol Allow/Deny Source Explanation
3030/tcp TCP Allow All IPv4/IPv6 REST server
4130/tcp TCP Allow All IPv4/IPv6 TCP traffic to peers

2.4.3 For Validators

Port Protocol Allow/Deny Source Explanation
4130/tcp TCP Allow All IPv4/IPv6 TCP traffic to peers
5000/tcp TCP Allow Trusted Validator IPs TCP traffic between validators for BFT communication
3000/tcp TCP Allow Internal VPC or VPN Metrics dashboard, should only be open within an internal VPC or VPN
3030/tcp TCP Deny All IPv4/IPv6 REST server. This should always be disabled for validators
9000/tcp TCP Allow Internal VPC or VPN Metrics export, should only be open within an internal VPC or VPN
9090/tcp TCP Allow Internal VPC or VPN Prometheus metrics, should only be open within an internal VPC or VPN

Note: Ensure that your open file limit is set to 16,384 or above. For the recommended setting run:

# Increase the open file limit for the current user (replace <username> with your username)
echo "<username> - nofile 65536" | sudo tee -a /etc/security/limits.conf
# Increase the default system open file limit
sudo bash -c 'echo "DefaultLimitNOFILE=65536" >> /etc/systemd/system.conf'

3. Run an Aleo Node

3.1 Run an Aleo Client

Start by following the instructions in the Build Guide. The guide below provides information on running core and outer clients (as defined in Section 2.2.) Aleo community members running validators are recommended to run 1-3 core clients as their exclusive client peers. This will ensure network traffic from the public internet is verified prior to reaching the validator.

Any client not connected directly to a validator can be considered an outer client.

3.1.1 Run an Aleo Core Client

The following command is recommended when starting a client node that is connected to a validator: snarkos start --client --nodisplay --node 0.0.0.0:4130 --peers "validator_ip:4130,core_client_ip_1:4130,core_client_ip_2:4130,core_client_ip3:4130,outer_client_ip_1:4130,..." --verbosity 1 --norest

To start a core client node, you can also run the following command from the snarkOS directory:

./run-core-client.sh

3.1.2 Run an Aleo Outer Client

The following command is recommended when starting a client node that is NOT connected to a validator: snarkos start --client --nodisplay --node 0.0.0.0:4130 --peers "core_client_ip_1:4130,core_client_ip_2:4130,core_client_ip3:4130,outer_client_ip_1:4130,..." --verbosity 1 --rest 0.0.0.0:3030

To start an outer client node, you can also run the following command from the snarkOS directory:

./run-outer-client.sh

3.2 Run an Aleo Validator

Start by following the instructions in the Build Guide.

The following command is recommended when starting a validator node: snarkos start --validator --nodisplay --bft 0.0.0.0:5000 --node 0.0.0.0:4130 --peers "validator_ip_1:4130,validator_ip_2:4130,...,core_client_ip_1:4130,core_client_ip_2:4130,..." --validators "validator_ip_1:5000,validator_ip_2:5000,..." --verbosity 1 --norest --private-key-file ~/snarkOS/privatekey

Instead of specifying a private key file (--private-key-file flag), the private key can also be defined explicitly (--private-key flag).

To start a validator, you can also run the following command from the snarkOS directory:

./run-validator.sh

3.3 Run an Aleo Prover

Start by following the instructions in the Build Guide.

Next, generate an Aleo account address:

snarkos account new

This will output a new Aleo account in the terminal.

Please remember to save the account private key and view key. The following is an example output:

 Attention - Remember to store this account private key and view key.

  Private Key  APrivateKey1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx  <-- Save Me And Use In The Next Step
     View Key  AViewKey1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx  <-- Save Me
      Address  aleo1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx  <-- Save Me

Next, to start a proving node, from the snarkOS directory, run:

./run-prover.sh

When prompted, enter your Aleo private key:

Enter the Aleo Prover account private key:
APrivateKey1xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

4. FAQs

1. My node is unable to compile.

  • Ensure your machine has Rust v1.66+ installed. Instructions to install Rust can be found here.
  • If large errors appear during compilation, try running cargo clean.
  • Ensure snarkOS is started using ./run-client.sh or ./run-prover.sh.

2. My node is unable to connect to peers on the network.

  • Ensure ports 4130/tcp and 3030/tcp are open on your router and OS firewall.
  • Ensure snarkOS is started using ./run-client.sh or ./run-prover.sh.

3. I can't generate a new address

  • Before running the command above (snarkos account new) try source ~/.bashrc
  • Also double-check the spelling of snarkos. Note the directory is /snarkOS, and the command is snarkos

4. How do I use the CLI to sign and verify a message?

  1. Generate an account with snarkos account new if you haven't already
  2. Sign a message with your private key using snarkos account sign --raw -m "Message" --private-key-file=<PRIVATE_KEY_FILE>
  3. Verify your signature with snarkos account verify --raw -m "Message" -s sign1SignatureHere -a aleo1YourAccountAddress

Note, using the --raw flag with the command will sign plaintext messages as bytes rather than Aleo values such as 1u8 or 100field.

5. Command Line Interface

To run a node with custom settings, refer to the options and flags available in the snarkOS CLI.

The full list of CLI flags and options can be viewed with snarkos --help:

snarkOS 
The Aleo Team <hello@aleo.org>

USAGE:
    snarkos [OPTIONS] <SUBCOMMAND>

OPTIONS:
    -h, --help                     Print help information
    -v, --verbosity <VERBOSITY>    Specify the verbosity [options: 0, 1, 2, 3] [default: 2]

SUBCOMMANDS:
    account    Commands to manage Aleo accounts
    clean      Cleans the snarkOS node storage
    help       Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s)
    start      Starts the snarkOS node
    update     Update snarkOS

The following are the options for the snarkos start command:

USAGE:
    snarkos start [OPTIONS]

OPTIONS:
        --network <NETWORK_ID>                  Specify the network ID of this node [default: 3]
        
        --validator                             Specify this node as a validator
        --prover                                Specify this node as a prover
        --client                                Specify this node as a client
        
        --private-key <PRIVATE_KEY>             Specify the node's account private key
        --private-key-file <PRIVATE_KEY_FILE>   Specify the path to a file containing the node's account private key
        
        --node <IP:PORT>                        Specify the IP address and port for the node server [default: 0.0.0.0:4130]
        --connect <IP:PORT>                     Specify the IP address and port of a peer to connect to
 
        --rest <REST>                           Specify the IP address and port for the REST server [default: 0.0.0.0:3030]
        --norest                                If the flag is set, the node will not initialize the REST server
        
        --nodisplay                             If the flag is set, the node will not render the display
        --verbosity <VERBOSITY_LEVEL>           Specify the verbosity of the node [options: 0, 1, 2, 3] [default: 2]
        --logfile <PATH>                        Specify the path to the file where logs will be stored [default: /tmp/snarkos.log]
        
        --dev <NODE_ID>                         Enables development mode, specify a unique ID for this node

6. Development Guide

6.1 Quick Start

In the first terminal, start the first validator by running:

cargo run --release -- start --nodisplay --dev 0 --validator

In the second terminal, start the second validator by running:

cargo run --release -- start --nodisplay --dev 1 --validator

In the third terminal, start the third validator by running:

cargo run --release -- start --nodisplay --dev 2 --validator

In the fourth terminal, start the fourth validator by running:

cargo run --release -- start --nodisplay --dev 3 --validator

From here, this procedure can be used to further start-up provers and clients.

6.2 Operations

It is important to initialize the nodes starting from 0 and incrementing by 1 for each new node.

The following is a list of options to initialize a node (replace <NODE_ID> with a number starting from 0):

cargo run --release -- start --nodisplay --dev <NODE_ID> --validator
cargo run --release -- start --nodisplay --dev <NODE_ID> --prover
cargo run --release -- start --nodisplay --dev <NODE_ID> --client
cargo run --release -- start --nodisplay --dev <NODE_ID>

When no node type is specified, the node will default to --client.

6.3 Local Devnet

6.3.1 Install tmux

To run a local devnet with the script, start by installing tmux.

macOS

To install tmux on macOS, you can use the Homebrew package manager. If you haven't installed Homebrew yet, you can find instructions at their website.

# Once Homebrew is installed, run:
brew install tmux
Ubuntu

On Ubuntu and other Debian-based systems, you can use the apt package manager:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install tmux
Windows

There are a couple of ways to use tmux on Windows:

Using Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)

  1. First, install Windows Subsystem for Linux.
  2. Once WSL is set up and you have a Linux distribution installed (e.g., Ubuntu), open your WSL terminal and install tmux as you would on a native Linux system:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install tmux

6.3.2 Start a Local Devnet

To start a local devnet, run:

./devnet.sh

Follow the instructions in the terminal to start the devnet.

6.3.3 View a Local Devnet

Switch Nodes (forward)

To toggle to the next node in a local devnet, run:

Ctrl+b n

Switch Nodes (backwards)

To toggle to the previous node in a local devnet, run:

Ctrl+b p

Select a Node (choose-tree)

To select a node in a local devnet, run:

Ctrl+b w

Select a Node (manually)

To select a node manually in a local devnet, run:

Ctrl+b :select-window -t {NODE_ID}

6.3.4 Stop a Local Devnet

To stop a local devnet, run:

Ctrl+b :kill-session

Then, press Enter.

Clean Up

To clean up the node storage, run:

cargo run --release -- clean --dev <NODE_ID>

7. Contributors

Thank you for helping make snarkOS better!
🧐 What do the emojis mean?

Howard Wu
Howard Wu

πŸ’» 🚧 πŸ€” πŸ‘€
Raymond Chu
Raymond Chu

πŸ’» 🚧 πŸ€” πŸ‘€
ljedrz
ljedrz

πŸ’» 🚧 πŸ€” πŸ‘€
Niklas Long
Niklas Long

πŸ’» 🚧 πŸ€” πŸ‘€
Collin Chin
Collin Chin

πŸ’» πŸ“– πŸ‘€
Mike Turner
Mike Turner

πŸ’» πŸ“– πŸ‘€
Georgios Konstantopoulos
Georgios Konstantopoulos

πŸ’»
Kobi Gurkan
Kobi Gurkan

πŸ’»
Vesa-Ville
Vesa-Ville

πŸ’»
jules
jules

πŸ’»
Daniil
Daniil

πŸ’»
akattis
akattis

πŸ’»
William Cannon
William Cannon

πŸ’»
wcannon-aleo
wcannon-aleo

πŸ’»
Sam De Roeck
Sam De Roeck

πŸ’»
soft2dev
soft2dev

πŸ’»
Ali Mousa
Ali Mousa

πŸ’»
pyk
pyk

πŸ’»
Belsy
Belsy

πŸ’»
apruden2008
apruden2008

πŸ’»
Fabiano Prestes
Fabiano Prestes

πŸ’»
Haruka
Haruka

πŸ’»
e4m7he6g
e4m7he6g

πŸ’»
GregΓ³rio Granado MagalhΓ£es
GregΓ³rio Granado MagalhΓ£es

πŸ’»
Evgeny Garanin
Evgeny Garanin

πŸ’»
Macro Hoober
Macro Hoober

πŸ’»
code-pangolin
code-pangolin

πŸ’»
kaola526
kaola526

πŸ’»
clarenous
clarenous

πŸ’»
Kostyan
Kostyan

πŸ’»
Austin Abell
Austin Abell

πŸ’»
Youssef El Housni
Youssef El Housni

πŸ’»
ghostant-1017
ghostant-1017

πŸ’»
Miguel Gargallo
Miguel Gargallo

πŸ’»
Chines Wang
Chines Wang

πŸ’»
Ayush Goswami
Ayush Goswami

πŸ’»
Tim - o2Stake
Tim - o2Stake

πŸ’»
liu-sen
liu-sen

πŸ’»
Palamar
Palamar

πŸ’»
swift-mx
swift-mx

πŸ’»
Caesar Wang
Caesar Wang

πŸ’»
Paul IP
Paul IP

πŸ’»
Philip Glazman
Philip Glazman

πŸ’»
Ruslan Nigmatulin
Ruslan Nigmatulin

πŸ’»
François Garillot
François Garillot

πŸ’»
aolcr
aolcr

πŸ’»
Maciej ZwoliΕ„ski
Maciej ZwoliΕ„ski

πŸ’»
Nacho Avecilla
Nacho Avecilla

πŸ’»
Max Bruce
Max Bruce

πŸ’»
whalelephant
Belsy

πŸ’»
tranhoaison
Santala

πŸ’»
web3deadline
deadline

πŸ’»
CedricYanYuhui
CedricYanYuhui

πŸ’»
craigjson
Craig Johnson

πŸ’»
vbar
Vaclav Barta

πŸ’»
Dependabot
Dependabot

πŸ’»
Add your contributions

This project follows the all-contributors specification. Contributions of any kind are welcome!

8. License

We welcome all contributions to snarkOS. Please refer to the license for the terms of contributions.

License: GPL v3